Posted by
Glenn Flowers on Tuesday, September 22, 2009 7:23:11 AM
The First Principles
The Constitution was written almost by happenstance. Fifty-six highly educated, very religious men with thirty-five different views about government spent near eighteen weeks, six days a week, arguing, each for his own and his state’s interests, defining the necessary components of a central government, proposing methods and procedures, processes and systems, ammendments and resolutions, arguing, agreeing, getting angry, walking out, and after eighteen weeks, it all came together to their amazement. Had they really hammered out a workable form of governence? Had order actually come from the chaos? If so, how? Why?
The Founders were keenly aware of the gravity of what they were there to do, and they were very well familiar with the workings of committees, principles of government, and the philosophies of the great thinkers of old. They were also aware that they would have to live with the results of their work. They were, also, for the first time in the history of mankind, able to actually found a new nation on principles they held dear instead of the dictates of authority not of themselves.
Historically, nations and governments had been based on historic events such as being conquered, the birth or death of rulers, etc. The rights of men had been handed down by those kings and conquerers. America, it was decided, would be founded on principles of higher origin.
The Founders were men of God. Thirty-five of them were Christians of the protestant variety, a few were Catholic, a few were just believers. This collective belief in a higher power, in Nature’s Laws, instilled in them a humility, a sense of humanity and charity that had its own unique influence on their work product. It determined the character of the principles that would form the basis of the new nation.
On the final day of the convention, the true result of their work was not immediately apparent to most. In fact, there were only two men who, having had the luxury to observe more than participate, realized just what had happened over the past few months, and what the result of it all meant. They were George Washington and Benjamin Franklin. Even Hamilton, and to a lesser degree Madison, didn’t become aware of the full meaning of their work for a day or so after.
With an attitude of equality among them, and a mutual respect for each man’s intelligence and character, and, even more relevant, the dedication to the sovereignty of the individual, the wishes and needs of each delegate, and their constituents, had been recognized and provided for and a blueprint for a central government both national and federal in its style, had emerged. Madison, having read the final embossed document, is said to have expressed sincere astonishment that the best of both nationalist and federalist precepts had been melded into a new and unique experiment of self governence. He was both proud and confident in the work of the convention.
The Constitution was sent to the state legislatures to be debated and ratified. There was much consternation, though, among the citizenry over the Constitution, as it was seen by the people to create an all powerful, sovereign national government that would be overlord to the states, and it was feared that it would be oppressive. Through a series of articles titled the Federalist, Madison, Hamilton, and John Jay, writing under the pen name Publius, explained in detail the intricate weaving of the Constitution’s structure, its fundamental principles, its limits on the new union, and the effect it would have on the lives of the people.
The people saw that the Founders believed the individual to be the very basic element of society, and had founded the nation on that premise, that government is based on the consent of the governed, the people.
Because of their dedication to higher principles, the sovereignty of the individual, they had agreed to adhere, in their deliberations, to what are now known as the First Principles. They are…
LIBERTY
Man is born with an innate yearning to live free of the bonds of other men.
HUMAN NATURE
Man always acts in his own self interest,
Men are aware that there is a power higher than himself,
Man is responsible for himself and his behavior.
EQUAL RIGHTS
All men are born with these traits and have equal rights to them
CONSENT OF THE GOVERNED
Man is supreme, government inferior.
Government’s purpose is the security and happiness of men.
Religious liberty, economic opportunity, and national independence sprang from those First Principles. Rule of law and constitutionalism became the means to insure liberty.
These First Principles were the lessons taught by the Federalist Papers. As a result, the people came to see the Constitution as not only creating the central government they needed, but even more as the guarantee that their freedom would be supreme, that they could live free from the fear of tyranny, under the law of the Constitution.
For the first time in history, a population took to their bosom the law of the land, putting their faith in the Constitution as "their Constitution." That sense of being protected and free from domination has prevailed through the two centuries since its creation.
The Constitution, in the hearts of Americans, holds almost equal value with the ten commandments, the promise of the grace of God, and their own sense of self-worth. As long as it is the law of the land, no matter how far from its meaning the government strays, the dedicated action of a single patriot to enforce its authority is all that is required for the people to prevail over those deviating from its mandate.
It is, quite literally, a document of the people, by the people, and for the people.
God Blessed America. May he forever continue that blessing.
Glenn Flowers
POSTSCRIPT:
The two words, liberty and freedom, are generally thought to be synonomous, and, for the most part, that is not considered to be wrong. But, the Founders had a definite and different meaning of each. Freedom is seen as being a generic, all encompassing notion of unrestricted choice. Animals, as well as man, enjoys freedom and it is a fundamental character trait in all sentient life forms. Liberty, on the other hand, is uniquely human. Liberty implies a self-imposed restraint on freedom, such as is commonly considered wise and prudent. A self-governing, personally responsible freedom that only man can know. It is, to most, a higher, more enlightened manifestation of freedom.
Liberty, or death. No difficult choice there.